What is the best anti-fungal cream for horses? - The Environmental Literacy Council (2025)

The best anti-fungal cream for horses isn’t a one-size-fits-all answer, as the ideal choice depends on the specific type of fungal infection, its severity, and the horse’s individual needs. However, based on research and veterinary recommendations, creams containing active ingredients like ketoconazole, miconazole, and clotrimazole stand out as highly effective. Fungasol® is also widely recognized as a strong first line of defense, especially when the exact nature of a skin issue is unclear. These ingredients work by disrupting the fungal cell membrane, preventing the fungus from growing and allowing the horse’s immune system to clear the infection. While products like Banixx are praised for their unique pH that inhibits fungal growth, for active treatment, the active ingredients mentioned above tend to be more direct and effective against a broad spectrum of fungal species. Butenafine is also notable because, unlike many antifungals that only prevent growth, it actively kills the fungus. Therefore, when considering the best option, it’s important to consider both the severity of the infection and the desired mechanism of action.

Understanding Equine Fungal Infections

Before delving into treatment options, it’s crucial to understand the nature of equine fungal infections. Dermatophytosis, often referred to as ringworm, is the most common fungal infection in horses. This highly contagious condition is caused by dermatophytes, fungi that live on the skin, hair, and nails. Common symptoms include circular patches of dry, crusty skin with hair loss, which can be itchy. These lesions are often found on the lower legs, abdomen, and chest, but can appear anywhere on the body. Other fungal issues, such as yeast infections, can also affect horses, particularly in areas like the ears, especially if inflammation is present. Recognizing these symptoms early will help to ensure prompt treatment.

Topical Anti-Fungal Treatments

Active Ingredients to Look For

When choosing an antifungal cream for your horse, pay close attention to the active ingredients. The most effective include:

• Ketoconazole: A broad-spectrum antifungal that is effective against a wide range of fungal species. It works by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol, a crucial component of fungal cell membranes.
• Miconazole: Another azole antifungal, similar in action to ketoconazole, widely used for various fungal skin infections. It is available in many over-the-counter formulations.
• Clotrimazole: A commonly used imidazole antifungal, often found in over-the-counter products. Like the other azoles, it works by disrupting fungal cell membranes.
• Butenafine: A unique antifungal that actively kills the fungus rather than just inhibiting its growth, making it a potent option.

How to Apply Topical Antifungals

Proper application of topical anti-fungal creams is essential for their effectiveness. Clean the affected area gently with a mild antiseptic wash and ensure it is completely dry before applying the cream. Use gloves to avoid spreading the infection to yourself or other horses. Apply a thin, even layer of the cream directly to the affected skin, and follow your veterinarian’s instructions regarding frequency and duration of treatment. Consistency is key for the cream to effectively address the infection.

Systemic Anti-Fungal Treatments

In cases of severe or widespread fungal infections, or those that don’t respond to topical treatments, your veterinarian may recommend systemic antifungals. These medications are administered orally or intravenously and work throughout the horse’s body. Common systemic antifungals for horses include amphotericin B, various azole antifungals (such as miconazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole, fluconazole, and voriconazole), and systemic iodide therapy. Systemic treatment is always done under the supervision of a vet as it has a higher chance of causing side effects.

When to Consult a Veterinarian

While many mild fungal infections can be managed with over-the-counter topical creams, it’s important to recognize when veterinary intervention is necessary. If the infection doesn’t show signs of improvement after a few days of treatment, or if it worsens, consult your veterinarian immediately. Also seek professional advice if you notice:

• Extensive lesions covering large areas of the horse’s body.
• Lesions that are intensely itchy and causing the horse to self-mutilate.
• Signs of secondary bacterial infection, such as pus, swelling, or fever.
• Any fungal infection in or near the eye or in the hooves.

Prevention of Fungal Infections

Preventing fungal infections is easier than treating them. Here are some key preventative measures:

• Maintain a Clean Environment: Regularly clean stalls, grooming tools, and tack.
• Avoid Overcrowding: Ensure horses have sufficient space to reduce the risk of transmission.
• Quarantine New Arrivals: Isolate new horses for a few weeks before introducing them to the herd.
• Individual Equipment: Avoid sharing grooming tools and tack between horses.
• Proper Hygiene: Wash and dry horses after exercising or exposure to wet conditions.
• Nutrition: Ensure the horse has a healthy diet to support its immune system.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What is the most common fungal infection in horses?

The most common fungal infection in horses is dermatophytosis (ringworm). It’s caused by dermatophytes and is highly contagious.

2. How do I identify a fungal infection on my horse?

Fungal infections usually appear as circular, dry, crusty patches with hair loss. These lesions can be itchy and are often found on the lower legs, abdomen, and chest.

3. Can horse fungal infections spread to humans?

Yes, fungal infections like ringworm are zoonotic, meaning they can spread from horses to humans through direct contact or by touching contaminated objects.

4. Is Neosporin an effective anti-fungal for horses?

No, Neosporin is an antibiotic ointment that treats bacterial infections, not fungal infections. It contains neomycin, bacitracin, and polymyxin.

5. Is hydrocortisone cream suitable for fungal infections in horses?

Hydrocortisone cream can temporarily reduce inflammation and itching associated with fungal infections, but it doesn’t kill the fungus and can actually worsen the infection by suppressing the immune system. It should be avoided unless specifically prescribed by your veterinarian for certain types of dermatitis.

6. Can I use Lotrimin (clotrimazole) on my horse?

Yes, clotrimazole cream (e.g., Lotrimin) can be effective against fungal infections, especially in areas like the ears. However, consult your vet before using other over-the-counter antifungal creams.

7. What is the strongest anti-fungal topical treatment?

Ketoconazole, miconazole, and ciclopirox (Stieprox® liquid) are considered among the most effective antifungal topical treatments. Butenafine is also effective because it kills the fungus, rather than just stopping its growth.

8. What does a skin fungus look like on a horse?

Skin fungus on horses typically appears as raised, circular lesions with crusting and hair loss. These areas are often itchy and can become open and draining if the horse scratches them.

9. Is coconut oil an effective antifungal for horses?

Research suggests that coconut oil has antifungal properties, particularly against certain types of fungi like Candida albicans. While it may be useful for mild cases, it’s often not sufficient for severe infections. More research is needed specifically on equine application.

10. What if the antifungal cream doesn’t seem to be working?

If one antifungal doesn’t work, try one with a different active ingredient. If the condition still doesn’t improve, consult with your veterinarian. They may switch to a stronger topical treatment or prescribe systemic medication.

11. Can I use an anti-fungal cream on my horse’s hooves?

While some anti-fungal creams may be helpful for hoof fungus, specialized hoof treatments are usually more effective. Avoid over-the-counter treatments unless advised by a vet, and avoid the use of treatments that can cause damage to live hoof tissues.

12. What is a systemic anti-fungal for horses?

Systemic antifungals are administered orally or intravenously and work throughout the horse’s body. Common ones are amphotericin B, miconazole, enilconazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole, fluconazole, voriconazole, and systemic iodide therapy. These treatments must be prescribed by a veterinarian.

13. How long does it take for anti-fungal cream to work on a horse?

The time it takes for an anti-fungal cream to work varies depending on the severity of the infection, but you should see improvement within a few days. Continue treatment as instructed by your vet.

14. What happens if you use too much anti-fungal cream?

Using too much antifungal cream can irritate the skin, making it red and inflamed. Apply only the amount advised on the product label, or by your vet, and never more than prescribed.

15. How can I prevent future fungal infections in my horse?

Maintain a clean environment, avoid overcrowding, quarantine new arrivals, and ensure proper hygiene. Use individual grooming equipment for each horse to prevent cross-contamination. Provide good nutrition to support your horse’s immune system.

By understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for equine fungal infections, horse owners can make informed decisions about how best to care for their animals. Always consult with a veterinarian for personalized advice and treatment plans.